Nymphalini

by - February 04, 2020





Nymphalini is a tribe of nymphalid brush-footed butterflies. Common names include admirals, anglewings, commas, and tortoiseshells, but none of these is specific to one particular genus.

This monophyletic group of nymphaline butterflies inhabiting northern hemisphere are characterized by a jagged outline of their wings and the ability to survive the winter months as adults in an obligatory hibernal diapause, hiding in various shelters (e.g., crevices, hollows, cavities, even unheated buildings). The signature mark of all butterflies is the cryptic colour and maculation of the ventral (under) side of their wings, serving to conceal the hibernating butterfly against the substrate on which it rests.

Genera

Listed alphabetically.

Aglais Dalman, 1816 – tortoiseshells
Antanartia Rothschild & Jordan, 1903 – African red admirals
Araschnia Hübner, 1819
Hypanartia Hübner, 1821 – mapwings
Inachis – European Peacock (now in Aglais)
Kaniska Moore, 1899 – Blue Admiral (often in Polygonia)
Mynes Boisduval, 1832
Nymphalis Kluk, 1781 – anglewings, tortoiseshells
Polygonia Hübner, 1819 – anglewings, commas
Pycina Doubleday, 1849 (tentatively placed here)
Symbrenthia Hübner, 1819 – jesters
Vanessa Fabricius, 1807 – red admirals, Kamehameha butterflies, painted ladies
The monotypic genus Tigridia is sometimes placed here as a very basal offshoot close to Colobura, sometimes in the related tribe Coeini.

Prehistoric genera only known from fossils are:

†Jupitella Carpenter, 1985
†Mylothrites Scudder, 1875
^ Nymphalini, Tree of Life
^ Nymphalinae, funet.fi

source - Wikipedia

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