For the plant, see Fritillaria atropurpurea.
The spotted fritillary or red-band fritillary (Melitaea didyma) is a butterfly of the Nymphalidae family.

Description

Melitaea didyma is a medium sized butterfly with a wingspan reaching 35–50 millimetres (1.4–2.0 in). The upperside of the wings is bright orange-brown with dark brown drawings arranged in rows, quite variable in quantity and size. Sometimes the color of the females is duller orange, shaded with gray-green. The underside of the wings is checkered pale yellow and pale orange. M. didyma has a seasonal and sexual dimorphism. This butterfly flies from March to October depending on the location. This species has two or three generations and overwinters as young caterpillar.

The larvae feed on various plants, including Linaria, Plantago lanceolata, Veronica, Centaurea jacea and Digitalis purpurea.

Distribution

It is found in Southern and Central Europe, North Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia and Siberia. It is absent from northern Europe (England, Ireland, Northern France, Germany, Poland and Scandinavia).

Habitat

Melitaea didyma prefers flowery and grassy areas, meadows and roadsides.

Subspecies

Melitaea didyma didyma
Melitaea didyma elavar Fruhstorfer, 1917;
Melitaea didyma kirgisica Bryk, 1940;
Melitaea didyma neera Fischer de Waldheim, 1840;
Melitaea didyma occidentalis Staudinger, 1861;
Melitaea didyma turkestanica Sheljuzhko, 1929
Melitaea didyma ambra Higgings, 1941

source - Wikipedia