Gastrotheca is a genus of frogs (family Hemiphractidae) found in Central and South America. Most species occur in the American Cordillera from southern Costa Rica to northwestern Argentina. This genus makes up the bulk of marsupial frog diversity; formerly it was placed in the "Leptodactylidae" assemblage.

Marsupial frogs are so-called because they possess a dorsal brood pouch. In some species the eggs are fertilized on the female's lower back, and are inserted in her pouch with the aid of the male's toes. The eggs remain in contact with the female's vascular tissue, which provides them oxygen.

Gastrotheca guentheri (Guenther's Marsupial Frog) is the only known frog with true teeth in its lower jaw. Gastrotheca riobambae (Andean Marsupial Tree Frog) is kept as pet and is used in scientific experiments.

Species


Gastrotheca cornuta

Gastrotheca litonedis
There are 68 recognized species:

Gastrotheca abdita Duellman, 1987
Gastrotheca aguaruna Duellman, Barley, and Venegas, 2014
Gastrotheca albolineata (Lutz and Lutz, 1939)
Gastrotheca andaquiensis Ruiz-Carranza and Hernández-Camacho, 1976
Gastrotheca angustifrons (Boulenger, 1898)
Gastrotheca antomia Ruiz-Carranza, Ardila-Robayo, Lynch, and Restrepo-Toro, 1997
Gastrotheca antoniiochoai (De la Riva and Chaparro, 2005)
Gastrotheca aratia Duellman, Barley, and Venegas, 2014
Gastrotheca argenteovirens (Boettger, 1892)
Gastrotheca atympana Duellman, Lehr, Rodríguez, and von May, 2004
Gastrotheca aureomaculata Cochran and Goin, 1970
Gastrotheca bufona Cochran and Goin, 1970
Gastrotheca carinaceps Duellman, Trueb, and Lehr, 2006
Gastrotheca christiani Laurent, 1967
Gastrotheca chrysosticta Laurent, 1976
Gastrotheca cornuta (Boulenger, 1898)
Gastrotheca dendronastes Duellman, 1983
Gastrotheca dunni Lutz, 1977
Gastrotheca dysprosita Duellman, 2013
Gastrotheca ernestoi Miranda-Ribeiro, 1920 (often included in G. microdiscus)
Gastrotheca espeletia Duellman and Hillis, 1987
Gastrotheca excubitor Duellman and Fritts, 1972
Gastrotheca fissipes (Boulenger, 1888)
Gastrotheca flamma Juncá and Nunes, 2008
Gastrotheca fulvorufa (Andersson, 1911) (often included in G. microdiscus)
Gastrotheca galeata Trueb and Duellman, 1978
Gastrotheca gracilis Laurent, 1969
Gastrotheca griswoldi Shreve, 1941
Gastrotheca guentheri (Boulenger, 1882) (Guenther's marsupial frog)
Gastrotheca helenae Dunn, 1944
Gastrotheca lateonota Duellman and Trueb, 1988
Gastrotheca lauzuricae De la Riva, 1992
Gastrotheca litonedis Duellman and Hillis, 1987
Gastrotheca lojana Parker, 1932
Gastrotheca longipes (Boulenger, 1882)
Gastrotheca marsupiata (Duméril and Bibron, 1841)
Gastrotheca megacephala Izecksohn, Carvalho-e-Silva, and Peixoto, 2009
Gastrotheca microdiscus (Andersson, 1910)
Gastrotheca monticola Barbour and Noble, 1920
Gastrotheca nebulanastes Duellman, Catenazzi & Blackburn, 2011
Gastrotheca nicefori Gaige, 1933
Gastrotheca ochoai Duellman and Fritts, 1972
Gastrotheca orophylax Duellman and Pyles, 1980
Gastrotheca ossilaginis Duellman and Venegas, 2005
Gastrotheca ovifera (Lichtenstein and Weinland, 1854)
Gastrotheca pacchamama Duellman, 1987
Gastrotheca pachachacae Catenazzi and von May, 2011
Gastrotheca peruana (Boulenger, 1900)
Gastrotheca phalarosa Duellman and Venegas, 2005
Gastrotheca phelloderma Lehr and Catenazzi, 2011
Gastrotheca piperata Duellman and Köhler, 2005
Gastrotheca plumbea (Boulenger, 1882) (silver marsupial frog)
Gastrotheca prasina Teixeira et al., 2012
Gastrotheca pseustes Duellman and Hillis, 1987
Gastrotheca psychrophila Duellman, 1974
Gastrotheca pulchra Caramaschi & Rodrigues, 2007
Gastrotheca rebeccae Duellman and Trueb, 1988
Gastrotheca recava Teixeira etal., 2012
Gastrotheca riobambae (Fowler, 1913) (Andean marsupial tree frog)
Gastrotheca ruizi Duellman and Burrowes, 1986
Gastrotheca splendens (Schmidt, 1857)
Gastrotheca stictopleura Duellman, Lehr, and Aguilar, 2001
Gastrotheca testudinea (Jiménez de la Espada, 1870)
Gastrotheca trachyceps Duellman, 1987
Gastrotheca walkeri Duellman, 1980
Gastrotheca weinlandii (Steindachner, 1892)
Gastrotheca williamsoni Gaige, 1922
Gastrotheca zeugocystis Duellman, Lehr, Rodríguez, and von May, 2004

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