Dendrobatinae is the main subfamily of frogs in the Dendrobatidae family, the poison dart frogs from Central and South America, from Nicaragua to the Amazon Basin in Brazil.

Description

Dendrobatinae are generally small frogs; Andinobates minutus is as small as 13–16 mm (0.51–0.63 in) in snout–vent length. Many species are brightly colored and all are toxic. Alkaloids in Phyllobates are particularly potent.

All species are presumed to show parental care, often by the male. However, some species show biparental care (Ranitomeya), whereas in Oophaga only females care for the tadpoles, feeding them with eggs, their only source of nutrition. The males are responsible for protecting the eggs from predation and keeping the eggs from drying out by urinating on them.

Genera

There are eight or seven genera in this subfamily:

Adelphobates Grant, Frost, Caldwell, Gagliardo, Haddad, Kok, Means, Noonan, Schargel, and Wheeler, 2006
Andinobates Twomey, Brown, Amézquita, and Mejía-Vargas, 2011
Dendrobates Wagler, 1830
Excidobates Twomey and Brown, 2008
Minyobates Myers, 1987
Oophaga Bauer, 1994
Phyllobates Duméril and Bibron, 1841
Ranitomeya Bauer, 1986
The most specious genera are Ranitomeya (16 species) and Andinobates (13 species). Dendrobates used to be much larger but now contains only five species, having "lost" may species to genera erected later.


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